What is the Cyfra 21-1 test?
The Cyfra 21-1 is a blood test to measure levels of Cyfra 21-1. CYFRA 21-1 is a tumor marker that is used to help diagnose and monitor lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Cyfra 21-1 is a fragment of cytokeratin 19, a protein that is found in the epithelial cells that line the lungs. When cancer cells break down, they release Cyfra 21-1 into the bloodstream of cancer patients and can be detected in serum. Successful therapy is accompanied by a rapid decrease of serum levels of cyfra 21 to the normal levels.
When is the Cyfra 21-1 test ordered?
The Cyfra 21 test is usually ordered by a doctor if a person has been diagnosed with Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to monitor treatment response and detect recurrence of lung cancer.
Combination of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA is also sometime ordered by doctors for diagnosing and monitoring lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma of the lung.
What does high Cyfra 21-1 mean?
Elevated Cyfra 21-1 levels might suggest the presence of lung cancer. However, it’s important to remember that other diseases like pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kidney diseases can also lead to elevated levels, and a diagnosis of cancer would require further diagnostic tests such as imaging and biopsies.
What are the benefits of the Cyfra 21-1 test?
The Cyfra 21-1 test can be a useful tool for monitoring the progression of lung cancer. The test can be used to:
- Track how the cancer is responding to treatment
- Detect recurrence of the cancer
- Help doctors make decisions about the best course of treatment
What are the limitations of the Cyfra 21-1 test?
False-positive results can occur, which means that the test may show elevated levels of Cyfra 21-1 even though the person does not have cancer .Elevated levels of Cyfra 21-1 can be seen in people with non-cancerous diseases, such as pneumonia, sepsis, and renal dysfunction. This is because Cyfra 21-1 is a protein that is released by cells that are damaged or dying.
Therefore, if a person has elevated levels of Cyfra 21-1, it is important to rule out non-malignant causes before making a diagnosis of cancer. This can be done by evaluating the patient’s clinical history and symptoms, and by performing other tests, such as imaging tests and blood tests.
Nevertheless, it’s important to emphasize that the level of CYFRA 21-1 should not be solely relied upon as conclusive evidence for determining the presence or absence of a disease. To obtain an accurate understanding, the results should be interpreted in conjunction with other pertinent clinical evidence
How to prepare for Cyfra 21-1 test?
There is no need to prepare specifically for a Cyfra 21-1 test. The Cyfra 21 test is a blood test, so you will need to have a blood sample drawn. The test is usually performed in a doctor’s office or a laboratory. The blood sample will be drawn from a vein in your arm. The procedure is usually quick and painless.
After the test, you can resume your normal activities. You should receive the results of the test within a few days
what are sample (specimen)requirements for cyfra 21-1 test?
Blood sample collected in Plain red or serum separator tube.